ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the status of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) health literacy and associated factors in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods:Based on the multi-stage stratified sampling method, the questionnaire survey of health literacy of COVID-19 were carried out in 55 599 local residents from12 prefecture-level cities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region between March 10 and 15, 2020. The questionnaire in details included not only knowledge, attitude and behavior, but also mental health, their scores were calculated using Decimal method. A ≥80% of the correct answer rate of the survey content was regarded as qualified for health literacy. There were 51 722 (93.0%) valid questionnaires, according to the ratio of medical staff to non-medical staff, 32 529 questionnaires were selected for analysis. The health literacy level was defined according to the proportion of qualified people.The credibility and availability of the questionnaires were evaluated by Cronbach′s α coefficient and KMO test. The associated factors were analyzed by Pearson χ 2 test and logistic regression. Results:In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the whole level of health literacy of COVID-19 was 85.7%, and their scores were (26.30±2.48). Knowledge, attitude, and behavioral literacy levels were 61.6%, 95.6%, and 96.8%, respectively. Compared with the population of 15-25 years old, the health literacy level of 46-65 years old was the highest ( OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.78-2.24). The health literacy level of medical staff group ( OR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.30-4.95) was far higher than the non-medical staff group; the population with college or above education level ( OR=10.22, 95% CI: 9.19-11.36) was significantly higher than the population with education level below college. The degree of anxiety was negatively correlated with education level. Conclusions:The health literacy level of COVID-19 in residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is relatively high, but the level of knowledge literacy needs to be improved. The main factors affecting the health literacy of COVID-19 among Inner Mongolia residents are age, occupation and education level.
ABSTRACT
Objective This study aimed to explore the association between blood lipid indices and bone mineral density (BMD).Methods A total of 2,396 individuals (1 198 males and 1 198 females,average age 55.24±12.12 years) who underwent physical examination between April 2015 and April 2016 at the medical examination center of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital were recruited.The blood lipid indices,including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),total cholesterol (TC),and triglycerides,were collected,and BMD at the total hip and its sub-regions was measured.The association between lipid indices and BMD was analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software,with adjustment for the covariates of age,sex,height,and weight.The association between blood lipid indices and BMD was then tested by linear regression analysis.Results Regression analysis demonstrated that in the combined sample with both sexes,HDL-C was negatively associated with total and sub-region BMD (regression coefficients,-0.11 to-0.06;all P＜0.01).LDL-C was negatively associated with femur neck BMD (regression coefficient,-0.01;P=0.01) and Ward's triangle BMD (regression coefficient,-0.01;P＜0.01).TC was negatively associated with trochanter BMD,femoral neck BMD,and Ward's triangle BMD (beta coefficients,-0.02 to-0.01;P＜0.05).In the female group,TC was positively associated with trochanter BMD (regression coefficient,0.06;P＜0.01).In the male group,both LDL-C and TC were negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (regression coefficients,-0.05 and-0.04,respectively;P＜0.05).Conclusion While blood lipid indices are associated with sub-region and total hip BMD,the association pattern and magnitude vary according to body region and sex.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: As a blood concentrate rich in growth factors and fibrin, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is able to significantly promote bone regeneration. PRF mixed with bone substitutes is commonly used to repair bone defects in oral maxillofacial region. But it remains controversial whether PRF as a sole material in sinus floor elevation can produce enough new bone tissues.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the osteogenic potential of PRF as a sole grafting material in sinus floor elevation by means of an animal model.METHODS: Twelve healthy adult mongrel dogs aged 12-18 months were selected and randomized into three groups (groups A, B and C), with four dogs in each group. Upper first molars on both side of each dog were extracted 12 weeks prior to sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implants placement. Different materials were used to fill in the space between the sinus membrane and implant. Groups A, B and C were filled with PRF, autologus bone particles and autologus blood clot respectively. After 12 weeks, specimens were harvested to analyze the new bone formation by gross observation, X-ray examination and histological evaluation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: New bone formation was found to embrace all the implants close to the bony sinus floor, and the tips of all implants were free from bone coverage. The new bone height of groups A, B and C were (3.135±0.288),(3.218±0.345), and (1.898±0.157) mm, respectively. The new bone density of groups A, B and C were (65.06±5.88),(75.34±8.18), and (56.92±4.95) g/cm3, respectively. There were significant differences between the new bone height in groups A and C as well as in groups B and C (P < 0.05). Also, significant differences were found between the new bone density in groups A and B, B and C, A and C (P < 0.05). Within the confine of this experiment, it is feasible to use PRF as a sole grafting material in the sinus floor elevation to generate new bone, but the new bone volume is limited.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and lower limb vascular disease (LLVD) in the elderly with type 2 diabetes(T2DM).Methods Bilateral lower limb vessels were checked by the High Resolution Color Doppler in all the subjects,including 40 healthy subjects as control (group A),126 T2DM patients.42 T2DM patients had no LLVD (group B),40 had mild LLVD (group C),and 44 had severe LLVD (group D).The levels of plasma A-FABP,blood glucose,lipid profiles,HOMA-IR,hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs CRP),and e-glomerular filtration rate were determined.Results The levels of plasma A-FABP were in the following ascending order of group A(4.5± 1.7)μg/L＜group B(6.1±2.1)μg/L＜group C (7.2 ± 2.3)μg/L ＜ group D (8.4 ± 3.2)μg/L (P＜ 0.01).A-FABP levels elevated along with the decrease of ABI and the increase of L IMT.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that A FABP levels was main influencing factor of lower limb vascular disease (LLVD) in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.LDL C,HbA1c,HOMR-IR,hs-CRP were the predictive factors for the plasma A-FABP levels in the elderly with T2DM after multiple stepwise regression analysis.Conclusions For elder T2DM patients,the level of plasma A FABP is correlated with the degree of LLVD,and plays an important role in the progress of LLVD.